Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials

Article Title: Laser‐Assisted Structuring of Graphene Films with Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Polymer for Skin/Brain‐Interfaced Electrodes

doi: 10.1002/adhm.202301753

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) Photograph of the experimental setup of a roll‐to‐plate (RP) system for transfer printing of LIG electrodes onto a target PET substrate (right images: the patterned LIG electrode array (upper) and wrapped around a cylindrical quartz roll (lower)). b) Schematic of transfer print of LIG electrode array by using the RP system. c) Photograph of the transferred LIG electrode array on a flexible substrate. d) A skin‐attachable LIG electrode with a serpentine‐shaped design formed on LCP film (left), attached to the skin after peeling off from the carrier substrate (middle), and magnified SEM image of the serpentine‐shaped LIG electrode (right). e,f) The transfer print of the LIG‐based flexible circuit array and SMT integration with SMD modules, including MCU to operate the blinking LED chip. g) Optical micrograph of the protective metal mask for selective laser transmission through the open area (left), and photographs of the LIG electrodes crafted on the LCP film (inset: optical micrographs of 1:1 resolution by the shadow mask). h) SEM images of the resolution‐improved LIG electrodes with sharp contrast at the edges. i) Photograph of the transfer‐printed LIG electrode array on the elastomeric PDMS substrate (inset: transferred LIG electrode on a large scale). j) Schematic of stacking shadow masks for versatile designing of the patterned LIG films. k) The representative photographs of transfer‐printed LIG patterns manufactured by double‐stacked shadow masks for an array of circular islands with different diameters.

Article Snippet: The cytotoxicity of the LIG electrode was confirmed by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8, Dojindo Molecular Technologies Inc., Kumamoto, Japan) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays (Takara Bio Inc., Shiga, Japan).

Techniques: Transmission Assay

Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials

Article Title: Laser‐Assisted Structuring of Graphene Films with Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Polymer for Skin/Brain‐Interfaced Electrodes

doi: 10.1002/adhm.202301753

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) Schematic illustration of body‐attachable LIG‐based electrodes for monitoring electrophysiological signals of EMG and ECG. b) Diagrams of the kirigami design as a body‐attachable bioelectrode with high stretchability and electrical stability operated by rotating triangular units and living hinges. c) Schematic of structured layers of body‐attachable LIG‐based bioelectrode in a stretched form. d) Digital images of the initial and biaxially stretched state of the kirigami‐inspired LIG electrode (lower: 57% biaxial stretching). e) The resistance changes of kirigami LIG‐electrodes according to the level of biaxial stretching up to 57% ( n = 5). f) The normalized resistance changes of kirigami‐based electrodes as a function of the engaged strain levels during 1000 cycles of biaxial stretching. g) An image of computed FEA on the principal strain distribution of the asymmetrically arranged kirigami electrode at the biaxial strain of 35.7%. h) Schematic and photograph (inset) of the skin‐attached kirigami structured electrical pads connected to a wireless ECG module. i) Real‐time recorded ECG signal by using kirigami LIG bioelectrode during a resting state. j) Monitoring of the ECG signals collected from three different behavioral motions (standing, walking, and running), conforming high stability of the LIG bioelectrodes. k,l) Photograph of going up and down stairs to demonstrate the LIG patch‐type electrode, connected to the EMG module, by recording the contraction/relaxation state from a calf muscle. m) Schematic on the electrochemical sensing mechanism of LIG‐based biosensor to detect TNF‐α protein. n) EIS responses of the Ab‐loaded LIG‐based biosensors for evaluating different concentrations of TNF‐α. o) The linear relationship between Δ R ct / R Ab values and the applied concentration range of the TNF‐α for extracting LOD and LOQ ( n = 3).

Article Snippet: The cytotoxicity of the LIG electrode was confirmed by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8, Dojindo Molecular Technologies Inc., Kumamoto, Japan) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays (Takara Bio Inc., Shiga, Japan).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials

Article Title: Laser‐Assisted Structuring of Graphene Films with Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Polymer for Skin/Brain‐Interfaced Electrodes

doi: 10.1002/adhm.202301753

Figure Lengend Snippet: The LIG‐based neural microelectrodes array and its electrochemical characterization. a) LIG‐based microelectrode array manufactured by shadow masking with laser irradiation. b) SEM images of the surface of circular microelectrodes on LCP film; magnified SEM image shows clear contrast on the edge of the electrode. c) A schematic of homogeneous thermal diffusing lamination of LCP‐based microelectrode array for encapsulation (8 channels), magnified SEM image of the circularly exposed electrode, and a digital image of LCP‐passivated LIG neural interface electrically connected via an ACF film. d) Impedance spectrum of the LIG microelectrodes before/after the activation process ( n = 17 for each group). e) EIS data fitted into the equivalent circuit model reveals an increase in the CPE values after the activation ( n = 17 for each group). f) CV curves of the LIG microelectrodes before/after the activation process. g) Voltage transient of LIG microelectrodes under maximum current injection where E mc or E ma exceed the LIG water window.

Article Snippet: The cytotoxicity of the LIG electrode was confirmed by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8, Dojindo Molecular Technologies Inc., Kumamoto, Japan) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays (Takara Bio Inc., Shiga, Japan).

Techniques: Microelectrode Array, Irradiation, Encapsulation, Activation Assay, Injection